Description
General Information:
The Red Empress (Protomelas taeniolatus) is a striking cichlid species native to Lake Malawi in Africa. Known for its iridescent reds, blues, and oranges, this species is highly sought after by aquarists for its vibrant coloration and peaceful temperament compared to other cichlids. It inhabits the intermediate zones of Lake Malawi, where rocky formations transition into sandy lakebeds.
Species Overview:
- Species: Protomelas taeniolatus
- Common Name: Red Empress
- Origin: Lake Malawi, Africa
- Diet: Omnivorous
- PH Range: 7.5–8.5
- Temperature: 24–28°C (75–82°F)
- Max Size: 15–18 cm (6–7 inches)
- Tank Size: Minimum 75 gallons
Water Quality:
The Red Empress thrives in well-oxygenated, hard alkaline water with a pH between 7.5 and 8.5. A strong filtration system and regular water changes are essential to maintain pristine water conditions. Aquascaping with a combination of rocky caves and open swimming areas replicates their natural habitat and promotes their well-being.
Feeding:
As omnivores, Red Empress cichlids enjoy a varied diet of high-quality cichlid pellets, flakes, and live or frozen foods like brine shrimp and daphnia. Spirulina-based foods and vegetable supplements help enhance their coloration and support overall health. Feed them twice daily, ensuring all food is consumed within a few minutes.
Tank Mates:
The Red Empress is relatively peaceful and can coexist with other similarly sized, non-aggressive cichlids. They are best kept with other Haplochromis or Peacock Cichlids. To reduce aggression, maintain a ratio of one male to two or more females. Avoid housing them with overly aggressive species or much smaller fish.
Sexing:
Males are larger and display vibrant red, orange, and blue hues, while females are typically less colourful and smaller. Male coloration intensifies with age, dominance, and environmental factors, making them more visually striking over time.
Breeding:
The Red Empress is a maternal mouthbrooder. After spawning, the female carries fertilised eggs in her mouth for up to three weeks until the fry are ready to swim freely. Males establish territories during breeding, so providing flat rocks and sandy areas helps encourage spawning.
Maximum Size and Longevity:
Red Empress cichlids can grow up to 18 cm (7 inches) and live for 7–10 years with proper care. A large tank, stable water parameters, and a nutritious diet contribute to their longevity.
Fun Fact:
Male Red Empress cichlids develop their brilliant coloration over time, with their full vibrancy emerging as they mature, making them a captivating addition to any aquarium.
