Description
General Information:
The Exochromis anagenys, commonly known as the Three Spot Torpedo, is a powerful predator native to Lake Malawi, admired for its elongated, torpedo-shaped body and distinct dark blotches along its flanks. This species is a specialised paedophage—meaning it feeds on the fry of other fish—making it both fascinating and challenging to keep. Its striking appearance, paired with streamlined grace, makes it a captivating choice for advanced hobbyists with larger tanks.
Species Overview:
Common Name: Three Spot Torpedo
Scientific Name: Exochromis anagenys
Origin: Lake Malawi
Diet: Carnivorous (paedophage – eats fry of other fish)
pH Range: 7.7–8.6
Temperature: 24–28°C
Max Size: 25–30 cm
Tank Size: Minimum 500 litres (due to adult size and predatory behaviour)
Water Quality:
This species thrives in warm, alkaline water that mimics Lake Malawi’s rocky and sandy biotopes. High oxygenation, strong filtration, and frequent water changes are essential to maintain healthy parameters. Avoid nitrate buildup to prevent stress and disease in this sensitive predator.
Feeding:
As a specialised carnivore, the Three Spot Torpedo prefers a meaty diet of high-quality carnivore pellets, krill, mysis shrimp, and occasional live or frozen foods. It should not be fed mammal-based proteins like beef heart, as these can cause long-term health issues. Feed once or twice a day, keeping portions controlled to avoid obesity.
Tank Mates:
Due to its predatory nature, this species is best housed with similarly sized, robust Haplochromine cichlids or other large Mbuna and Peacock species. Avoid smaller fish that could be mistaken for prey. Provide ample space and visual barriers to reduce territorial stress and aggression.
Sexing:
Males tend to be larger with more intense colouration, especially during mating displays, while females are typically smaller and more muted in tone. Venting is the most reliable method for sexing mature individuals. Males may also develop extended finnage and show more dominant behaviour.
Breeding:
Breeding in captivity is rare but possible. Like many Lake Malawi cichlids, the female is a maternal mouthbrooder—carrying the fertilised eggs and fry in her mouth for about three weeks. A flat surface or rockwork may serve as a spawning site, and separating the female post-spawn increases fry survival rates.
Maximum Size and Longevity:
With proper care, the Three Spot Torpedo can grow up to 30 cm and live 8–10 years. Consistent tank maintenance and a protein-rich diet are vital for longevity and overall health.
Fun Fact:
Unlike most other African cichlids, Exochromis anagenys specializes in targeting the fry of other fish in the wild—using its speed and precision to raid brooding females with astonishing efficiency.
