Description
General Information:
The Super Red Oscar is a stunning and highly sought-after variant of the classic Oscar fish, known for its vibrant red-orange colouration and engaging personality. This fish is a favourite among aquarists for its intelligence, interactive behaviour, and striking appearance. Native to South America, the Super Red Oscar is a hardy and adaptable species that thrives in well-maintained aquariums. While it can be territorial, it is generally less aggressive than other cichlids, making it a rewarding centrepiece fish for large tanks.
Species Overview:
- Species: Astronotus ocellatus (Super Red variant)
- Common Name: Super Red Oscar, Red Oscar
- Origin: South America (Amazon River Basin, Paraguay River, and other slow-moving waterways)
- Diet: Omnivorous (leans toward carnivorous)
- pH Range: 6.0–7.5
- Temperature: 23°C–28°C (74°F–82°F)
- Max Size: 30–35 cm (12–14 inches)
- Tank Size: Minimum 75 gallons for a single adult; 125+ gallons for a pair or community setup
Water Quality:
Super Red Oscars require clean, well-oxygenated water with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. They are sensitive to ammonia and nitrite spikes, so a robust filtration system and regular water changes (25–30% weekly) are essential. A sandy or fine gravel substrate mimics their natural habitat, while driftwood, rocks, and plants (if sturdy) provide hiding spots and enrichment. Avoid sharp decorations, as Oscars are prone to injuring themselves.
Feeding:
Super Red Oscars are omnivorous but prefer protein-rich foods. A balanced diet includes high-quality cichlid pellets, live or frozen foods (such as bloodworms, shrimp, and small fish), and occasional vegetables like blanched peas or spinach. Avoid overfeeding, as Oscars are prone to obesity. Feed adults once or twice daily in controlled portions, adjusting based on their activity level and growth.
Tank Mates:
Super Red Oscars are semi-aggressive and best kept with similarly sized, robust fish. Suitable tank mates include:
- Large South American cichlids (e.g., Severums, Jack Dempseys)
- Catfish (e.g., Plecos, Synodontis)
- Large tetras or silver dollars
Avoid small or timid fish, as Oscars may view them as food. Monitor interactions closely, as Oscars can be territorial, especially during feeding or breeding.
Sexing:
Sexing Super Red Oscars is challenging, as there are no obvious external differences between males and females. Males may develop a slightly larger nuchal hump on their forehead as they mature, but this is not a reliable indicator. The most accurate method is observing breeding behaviour or venting (examining the genital papillae), which should be done by an experienced aquarist.
Each individual possesses distinct genital characteristics that can be identified by careful examination of the anal region. Both possess a pair of apertures. One refers to the anal opening, while the other denotes the reproductive organ. In males, the sexual organ develops as a little protrusion. In females, the organ is broader and less pointed, as it serves as the conduit for the discharge of eggs.
Breeding:
Super Red Oscars are monogamous and form strong pair bonds. Breeding requires a large tank (125+ gallons) with flat stones or tiles for egg-laying. The pair will clean a surface and lay up to 1,000 eggs, which both parents guard fiercely. Eggs hatch in 2–3 days, and fry become free-swimming within a week. Feed fry freshly hatched brine shrimp or powdered fry food until they can accept larger foods.
Maximum Size and Longevity:
Super Red Oscars can grow up to 35 cm (14 inches) and live for 10–15 years with proper care. Their growth rate and lifespan depend on water quality, diet, and tank size. A spacious, well-maintained aquarium is crucial for their long-term health and vibrant colouration.
Fun Fact:
Super Red Oscars are known for their intelligence and ability to recognise their owners. They can be trained to eat from your hand, follow your movements, and even perform simple tricks, making them one of the most interactive and entertaining fish in the aquarium hobby.
